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Cannabis Extraction and Electric Shavers

Cannabis Extraction and Electric Shavers

By Mitchell Osak, extractX Board Member

I like the product so much I bought the company

-Victor Kiam, Former CEO of Remington Products

Mitchell Osak

I begin this piece by channelling my internal Victor Kiam. After first hearing about extractX (eXi) from Albert and Collin in 2021, I liked the company so much I joined the Board.

This is not cheerleading or politesse. eXi’s value proposition was compelling then and continues to this day – maybe even more so. Simply put, the Company is in the right place at the right time. Let me explain.

Right Place

Several positive cannabis and hemp industry trends are intersecting right now. These trends bode well for an increase in the demand for edible and derivative products that use the full spectrum isolate and distillate eXi specializes in. For example, cannabis edibles and CBD wellness products are seeing rapid growth across a variety of categories tracing to product innovation and evolving consumer tastes. Furthermore, new, legal markets are coming on stream on a regular basis. Of note, markets as geographically diverse as New York, Missouri and New Mexico just opened up. Germany and other EU states are about to legalize. Finally, hemp cultivation is increasing around the world including massive virgin areas like Africa and Asia (we are very active from a business development and operating basis in both regions). The higher the cultivation of hemp grown the greater the need for extraction services to serve its myriad of applications, some of which like hempcrete are seeing rapid increases in demand.

Right Time

To say that most cannabis and hemp firms are financially challenged would be an understatement. These challenges are market-based such as margin compression (higher input prices combined with price declines) and hyper competition tracing to open licensing environments. Their difficult financial strait is also a function of higher interest rates, inflation, and a dearth of inexpensive capital (if you can get it) typically deployed in emerging sectors.
In this difficult environment, new and existing cannabis & hemp operators have learned two important strategic lessons which CPG, beverage alcohol and tobacco peers discovered a long time ago.

Focus on your core competencies – At the outset of legalization, cultivators tried to do everything themselves: grow, process and extract. Naturally, this did not prove to be a financially sustainable business model, nor did it simply enable companies to maintain world class extraction capabilities. Extraction is an obvious activity to outsource or seek out a creative operational solution that maximizes agility and scalability. It is common these days and increasingly so to see cannabis and hemp cultivators pick their strategic lanes. Very often, this does not include extraction.

Turn your fixed costs into variable costs – When companies are cash starved, unable to secure capital and have uneven extraction volume requirement, the prudent move is to find a way to undertake extraction ‘as needed, when needed’. This allows firms to conserve capital, de-risk their operations and better allocate resources. Again, this is a common business strategy (think IT) that is quickly migrating over to cannabis.

Right place, right time. It is clear to me and others that eXi’s extraction solutions fills some important consumer, market and operational needs in a proven fashion. Victor Kiam would be impressed.

Originally published in the extractX April 2023 Newsletters

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    Capital: A Barrier to Vertical Integration in the Cannabis Industry

    Capital: A Barrier to Vertical Integration in the Cannabis Industry

    Capital can get spread too thin and banking rules can make working capital more difficult to access in the Cannabis Industry. You may be aware of SAAS (software-as-a-service) that has transformed the business world and helped reduce the upfront capital investment in software design and hardware. With the rise of vertical integration in Cannabis (mandated in some states) the question arises, ‘How can I raise the capital and expertise required to compete within all levels of the cannabis supply chain’? One possible solution which greatly reduces capital requirements and leverages an expert partner is ‘extraction-as-a-service’.

    Let’s start with what vertical integration means in the context of cannabis.  The 4 stages of Vertical Integration in cannabis are often referred to as ‘seed to sale’, including: 

    1) Cultivation 

    2) Extraction 

    3) Product manufacturing 

    4) Retail distribution 

    To be considered vertically integrated a business needs to own every stage within the supply chain, including for example, growing the biomass, extracting the THC/CBD, formulating and packaging a product, such as gummies, and ensuring the product is distributed legally through properly managed dispensaries according to state rules.  

    In some states regulators suggest that vertical integration ensures better oversight and control throughout the supply chain and reduces the risk of unregulated products entering the supply chain at any point.  Yet, regulators in other states ban vertical integration as it reduces competition through barriers to entry and gives a smaller number of industry players too much control. Regardless, vertical integration requirements will raise the cost and complexity of market entry.  

    Whether you are a large multi-state operator or a smaller start-up, choosing extraction-as-a-service and bringing in an expert partner to manage the entire extraction process will reduce the cost of capital for extraction and the complexity of operation.  You will receive a fully-tested, fully-managed pharma-grade mobile lab solution into your facility, so that you can focus your capital and expertise on what you do best – cultivation, product formulation or distribution.

    To find our more about how extractX partners with you to remove the barriers to vertical integration, click here.

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      Understanding Flavonoids in Cannabis

      What are Flavonoids - Understanding Flavonoids in Cannabis

      What are flavonoids?

      While cannabinoids and terpenes seem to be the main topics of conversation when discussing the remarkable compounds found within cannabis, flavonoids may have taken a back seat. With more than 20 varieties of flavonoids known to exist in cannabis, it’s time to take a closer look.

      Flavonoids are found in a variety of plants, known to affect the pigmentation mainly of flowers for the purpose of attracting pollinators. They also play a role in protecting plants from UV rays, pests, and diseases (learn more here), and anecdotal evidence suggests that they offer antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory benefits to humans when consumed.

      Did you Know?

      A study found that the flavonoid derivative of cannabis demonstrated significant therapy potential in the treatment of pancreatic cancer.

      To read more, click here.

      What role do flavonoids play in cannabis?

      First, flavonoids affect the coloration, flavours, and aromas in cannabis. Certain flavonoids are responsible for the deep purple colours found in some cannabis strains, similar to the dark colours evident in berries. Flavonoids are also thought to interact with terpenes in cannabis to influence the odour and flavour of the strain.

      Flavonoids

      Flavonoids are thought to be responsible for the deep purple colours often found in cannabis strains. Image source: unsplash.com

      In addition to their colouring and flavouring properties, flavonoids are considered “pharmacologically active” compounds, which means they are thought to provide medicinal benefits to consumers. Though further research is required to empirically prove how flavonoids interact with terpenes and cannabinoids, and are absorbed by the body, it is thought that they play an important role in the entourage effect – a term used to describe the synergistic nature of the many active compounds found in cannabis, and how they are absorbed through the body’s endocannabinoid system.

      The future of flavonoids

      While we’ve learned a lot about flavonoids in recent years, the general consensus in the cannabis community is that there’s a lot more left to discover about these interesting compounds. Though cannabinoids have taken centre stage in cannabis research, with terpenes playing the supporting role, scientists, industry professionals, and consumers alike are gaining a better understanding of the role flavonoids play in cannabis products. From dried flower to extracts, concentrates, edibles, and vape products, a deeper understanding of these compounds will lead to better recreational and medicinal products, and more benefits to end consumers.

      If you’re a hemp or cannabis cultivator, processor, or product formulator hoping to produce high-quality cannabis distillate, we walk to talk! Our turnkey mobile labs arrive at your facility within 4-6 months and require a $0 lab CAPEX. Please contact us to learn about becoming an extractX partner.

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        An Introduction to Terpenes for Cannabis Extraction

        An Introduction to Terpenes for Cannabis Extraction

        What are terpenes?

        Terpenes are aromatic compounds that influence the aromas, flavours, and sometimes colours of plants. Generally, if a plant gives off a strong scent, there are high concentrations of terpenes present. Though cannabis contains high concentrations of terpenes, they are also found in a variety of other plants, like lavender, lemon, rosemary, and pine. These aromatic compounds are often part of the plant’s survival mechanisms, warding off grazing animals or attracting pollinators.

        Did you Know?

        A recent study by the University of Arizona Health Sciences found that terpenes provide pain relief and supports the entourage effect theory.

        To read more, click here.

        Cannabis strains have been proven to contain more than 400 types of terpenes, which has caused a lot of intrigue as we continue to learn more about cannabis. While they do not cause inebriation like THC, they have been shown to influence the way THC is processed by the body’s endocannabinoid system, and have also shown promise in helping treat certain medical conditions, though further research is required to validate these initial claims.

        Types of Terpenes and Their Effects

        The following list contains a sampling of the types of terpenes commonly found in cannabis, the aromas associated with them, and the effects they can potentially produce within the body (this information provided by Beyond Buds).

        Terpene 

        Aromas 

        Effects/Properties 

        β-myrcene 

        Earthy – hops, red grapes 

        Anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antibiotic, antimutagenic 

        Linalool 

        Floral 

        Powerful sedative, anti-depressant, anti-anxiety 

        α-terpinol 

        Floral/citrus 

        Sedative, anti-depressant 

        d-limonene 

        Citrus 

        Focus/mental stimulation, anti-depressant, anti-anxiety 

        a-terpineol 

        Floral 

        Antibiotic, antioxidant, antimalarial 

        ß-caryophyllene 

        Black pepper 

        Mood-lightener, anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, cytoprotective 

        Pulegone 

        Mint 

        Sedative 

        1,8-cineole (eucalyptol) 

        Eucalyptus 

        Stimulant, antibiotic, antiviral, anti-inflammatory 

        a-pinene 

        Pine 

        Anti-inflammatory, antibiotic, stimulant 

        p-cymene 

        Wood/spice 

        Antibiotic  

        What effect do terpenes have on the human body?

        Since terpenes are the chemical compounds often responsible for giving aromatic plants their unique smell, they play an integral role in the practice of aromatherapy. While this is true of terpenes in general, it does little to help us understand the role that terpenes in cannabis play in how the body’s endocannabinoid system processes cannabinoids.

        We don’t yet have enough research to support current claims about how terpenes effect the way cannabinoids are processed by the endocannabinoid system. However, scientists are researching whether the dominant terpenes of a cannabis strain may work in tandem with the dominant cannabinoids to produce the effects specific to that strain. This could explain why different cannabis strains with similar cannabinoid contents can cause different experiences.

        Terpene Concentration and User Experience

        While THC is the main cannabinoid that causes psychoactive effects within the cannabis user, recent research and anecdotal evidence suggests that terpene concentrations can have just as much of an impact on the user experience as the concentrations of other cannabinoids (such as CBD). For example, the terpene myrcene has been associated with increasing porosity within the brain, allowing more THC to be absorbed faster, causing the “high” to set in faster than in strains with lower myrcene concentrations.

        Whether you’re consuming cannabis flower, vape products, or edible or concentrate products, terpenes play a major role in the aroma, flavour, and experience provided by your cannabis product. Terpene concentrations are heavily impacted by the cultivation, drying, and extraction processes, and the more we learn about these remarkable compounds found within cannabis strains, the better we can develop products to share the health and recreational benefits this plant has to offer.

        How do terpenes influence the extraction process and final product?

        Understanding the terpene concentrations in your hemp or cannabis biomass can help you extract distillate that creates a more desirable finished product. Since terpenes heavily influence the aromas and flavours of plants, the terpene concentrations in your raw cannabis can have an effect on the taste and smell of your distillate, which can in turn influence the taste and smell of your edible products or tinctures.

        In addition to influencing the smell and taste of your products, terpenes have been shown to interact with THC to influence the psychoactive experience. Some terpenes can induce a more relaxing experience, better for managing stress and anxiety, while others are associated with a more high-energy experience, promoting focus and acuity (learn more about the effects of terpenes here). While there’s still a lot of research needed to understand the effects terpenes have on the body, there’s no doubt that they play an influential role in how you use THC and CBD distillate in your cannabis-infused products.

        Types of Terpenes and Their Effects

        Terpenes heavily influence the aroma, flavour, and psychoactive effects and health benefits of a cannabis strain.

        extractX Mobile Labs

        If you’re a hemp or cannabis cultivator, processor, or product formulator focused on creating the highest-quality cannabis distillate, we walk to talk! Our turnkey mobile labs arrive at your facility within 4-6 months and require a $0 lab CAPEX. Please contact us to learn about becoming an extractX partner.

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          What is High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)?

          What is High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)?

          What is High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

          High-performance liquid chromatography is an analysis technique used to separate, identify, and quantify the individual components in a mixture. The process allows you to analyse the components dissolved in a liquid solvent (like CBD distillate). This technique is used throughout most laboratories to test the quality of finished products, as well as throughout the manufacturing process. It gives an incredibly precise quantitative and qualitative analysis of the ingredients in a compound, which is a crucial step in the drug approval process.

          How Does an HPLC Machine Work?

          High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

          Image source: https://www.waters.com/waters/en_US/How-Does-High-Performance-Liquid-Chromatography-Work%3F/nav.htm?cid=10049055&locale=en_US

          A pump will push the sample at incredibly high pressure through a column with chromatographic packing material (which could be very small polymer or glass beads, or silica, resin, alumina, etc.) via a stream of helium or nitrogen gas (the solvent). Through this process, the sample separates into its individual compounds, which can then be analysed to ensure correct concentrations of desirable compounds are present, and no foreign particles or substances are present in the substance. While manual intervention was previously required, most modern HPLC machines are fully automated and can adjust pump pressures, reservoir contents, and content analysis.

          HPLC for Cannabis Extraction

          Why is HPLC so important for cannabis extraction? As this industry continues to develop its legitimacy in the eyes of national regulatory bodies and end-users, we must do our part to ensure cannabis products are safe to use, free from contaminants or foreign substances, and meeting the concentrations of active ingredients found on their labels. In cannabis distillate, concentrations to look for include cannabinoids and terpenes (ensuring you have the right concentrations of each) and pesticides and heavy metals (ensuring you don’t have these harmful compounds in your distillate).

          Part of our commitment at extractX as we move from food-grade to pharma-grade across the board is HPLC testing at multiple stages throughout the extraction process to ensure our partners are getting the highest-quality distillate output from their cannabis biomass.

          If you’re a hemp or cannabis cultivator, processor, or product formulator seeking a partner who understands quality testing to produce high-quality cannabis distillate, we walk to talk! Our turnkey mobile labs arrive at your facility within 4-6 months and require a $0 lab CapEx. Please contact us to learn about becoming an extractX partner.

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            How Are Cannabis Capsules Made?

            How Are Cannabis Capsules Made?

            What are Cannabis Capsules?

            Cannabis capsules are soft gelatine or cellulose capsules filled with CBD, THC, or full-spectrum distillate. They provide an easy to use, exact dosage of these cannabinoid compounds, and for this reason have become increasingly popular in recent years.

            To make great cannabis capsules, or to ensure you’re getting high-quality distillate in these edible products as a consumer, you’ll want to ensure you’re gaining access to a third-party lab test. In these tests, labs will use a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) machine to assess the individual concentrations of cannabinoids, terpenes, pesticides, and heavy metals. Many of these lab tests are publicly available, and consumers can access them to ensure they’re purchasing products that met their needs.

            Cannabis Capsule

            Cannabis capsules come in a variety of types: CBD isolates, THC isolates, full-spectrum distillates are just a few examples. Image Source: unsplash.com

            Cannabis Capsule Concentrations and Dosages

            When exploring capsules, there are a few factors you’ll want to take into consideration:

            • THC content – the percentage of THC content in your capsules will determine the euphoric or inebriating effects that this edible product will produce. Novice users should start slow, with concentrations of 2.5mg of THC or lower, working their way up to 5mg-10mg capsules.
            • CBD content – the CBD cannabinoid is associated with the healing and stress-relieving qualities in cannabis. CBD capsules often come in THC-free varieties, creating opportunities for people to experience the health benefits of CBD without causing inebriation.
            • Full-spectrum vs. isolate distillates – another important consideration is whether the distillate found in your capsule is a full-spectrum or isolate distillate. Isolates contain just the cannabinoid listed with everything else removed. Full-spectrum distillates contain a host of cannabinoids and terpenes, and have been known to provide a better experience and health effects than isolates (learn more about this phenomenon, called the Entourage Effect).

            High-Quality Cannabis Distillate

            A crucial step in creating high-quality cannabis capsules is the extraction process. Producers of cannabis capsules and other edible products will want to engage with an extraction partner that has experience producing high-quality cannabis distillate.

            If you’re a hemp or cannabis cultivator, processor, or product formulator producing cannabis capsules we walk to talk! Our turnkey mobile labs arrive at your facility within 4-6 months and require a $0 lab CapEx, and are capable of producing high-quality cannabis distillate. Please contact us to learn about becoming an extractX partner.

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              How To Market Your Cannabis Products

              How To Market Your Cannabis Products

              An Introduction to Cannabis Marketing

              Cannabis products are one of the fastest growing markets in the world right now. Whether recreational products in Canada or some states in the U.S., or medicinal/nutraceutical products elsewhere in the world, demand for products derived from cannabis continues to expand.

              One of the biggest obstacles in Canada is that cannabis marketing is incredibly restricted, like the restrictions placed on the marketing of tobacco products. Because cannabis is a recreational substance, the government doesn’t want cannabis products marketed in a way that pushes people to use them, or in a way that appeals to anyone under the legal age of consumption (think about the health problems that arose from cigarette marketing in the 1950s and 1960s).

              You can’t take out ads on Facebook, Instagram, or Google to promote your products. Even print, television, and radio advertising are heavily regulated against the propagation of CBD, THC, or cannabis products. Even if these marketing tactics are off limits for cannabis marketers, there are still tons of opportunities to create a great cannabis brand.

              Opportunities in Cannabis Marketing

              Despite the challenges imposed by the restrictions on the digital marketing of cannabis products, here are some major opportunities you and your brand can take advantage of:

              • Build a great brand – just because you can’t aggressively advertise on social media and digital platforms, it doesn’t mean you can’t still have great content. You want to create a brand presence across your website, social media, and other marketing channels that draws people in and makes them remember you.
              • Become a thought leader – in this emerging industry, people will give their trust to companies that are able to organize the new information and research in a way that educates them and provides value. This builds trust, which turns into brand loyalty, traffic, and business. This also helps you capitalize on SEO (search engine optimization) opportunities.
              • Leverage word of mouth – create and empower brand ambassadors by giving them a reason to share your offers and content. Make your logo something that looks good on a shirt, hat, or other piece of merchandise so that customers can proudly display your brand in public. Host contests and events that get people talking about you to their friends.
              • Work with media partners – find a cannabis blog or news outlet that aligns with your brand and your goals and form a mutually beneficial partnership with them. These organizations are constantly looking for content, and if you’re doing something innovative in this industry, the right partners will want to share your story with their audience.
              • Leverage technology – ensure you’re making use of marketing technology to create a great experience for your customers. Loyalty programs, special offers, customer databases, and text message and email campaigns are all easy to organize and execute through the use of affordable marketing tools.

              Forming Strong Partnerships

              You want to partner with organizations along every stage in your journey that are willing to share your success with their audiences. Cannabis product companies can partner with their cultivators, extraction partners, sales channels, and even local businesses to create cross-promotional opportunities that benefit both parties.

              At extractX, we love showcasing the success of our partners. Here’s an example of a post on our company’s LinkedIn page where we highlight a huge update from one of our partners in Franklin, Kentucky:

              Aviette Launch - eXi Post

              In this screenshot from our LinkedIn page, we share a major update from one of our partners with our audience.

              If you’re a cannabis product formulator hoping to work with an extraction partner that will share in your success, we walk to talk! Our turnkey mobile labs arrive at your facility within 4-6 months and require a $0 lab CapEx, and produce some of the highest-quality cannabis distillate in the world. Our partnership model is focused on creating and sharing our mutual success. Please contact us to learn about becoming an extractX partner.

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                How are cannabis beverages made?

                How are cannabis beverages made?

                What are cannabis beverages?

                Beverages are a more recent addition to the cannabis product marketplace. Aptly named, they are beverages that contain cannabinoids and offer an alternative way to enjoy the benefits of these miraculous molecular compounds without having to smoke or vape. They come in soda and juice-like beverages, as well as teas (learn more about cannabis beverages here).

                Cannabis Beverages

                Cannabis teas, juices, and sodas now offer an alternative to smoking or vaping cannabis. Image Source: unsplash.com

                Did you Know?

                Cannabis beverages are expected to be on the rise with a 54.31% estimated compound annual growth rate by Fortune Business Insights.

                To read more, click here.

                Overcoming the biggest challenge

                One of the biggest obstacles in creating cannabis beverages is that cannabinoids are fat-soluble. “Fat-soluble” means the molecules can only be stored in fatty tissues and compounds, rather than in water. This means that cannabinoids pulled out of the cannabis plant through an extraction process must be stored within some type of fatty compound, like MCT oil or olive oil. These oils containing suspended cannabinoids don’t mix well with water-based beverages – like putting an eye-dropper full of olive oil into a glass of pop or juice, it will just float to the top.

                The key to properly integrating cannabinoids into a beverage that’s pleasurable to drink is a process called emulsification. Throughout this process, a cannabis distillate is rapidly mixed to turn the oil into tiny droplets, which are then combined with a blending agent to create a water-soluble product that can be mixed into a beverage without separating (learn more about emulsification here).

                The benefits of cannabis beverages

                In addition to the health benefits of serving as an alternative way to enjoy cannabis without having to smoke or vape (which can have negative impacts on lung health), one of the biggest benefits that cannabis beverages offer pertains to the social aspect of cannabis use. Previously, when engaged in a social outing, cannabis users had to separate themselves to go outside and smoke. Now, recreational users who may prefer cannabis to alcohol can sip beverages alongside their counterparts. While this small step may seem insignificant, it contributes to the de-stigmatization of a product that has much less harmful societal and physiological impacts than alcohol.

                Benefits of Cannabis Beverages

                Cannabis beverages can now be enjoyed in social situations, contributing to the de-stigmatization of this remarkable plant. Image Source: unsplash.com

                A key consideration in creating amazing cannabis beverages is the quality of the distillate being emulsified and combined into the drink. If you’re a hemp or cannabis cultivator, processor, or product formulator hoping to produce high-quality cannabis beverages, we walk to talk! Our turnkey mobile labs arrive at your facility within 4-6 months and require a $0 lab CapEx, and produce some of the highest-quality cannabis distillate in the world. Please contact us to learn about becoming an extractX partner.

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                  Understanding the Endocannabinoid System

                  Understanding the Endocannabinoid System

                  What is the endocannabinoid system?

                  The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is a cell-signalling system found within the human body that regulates and controls many of our critical day-to-day bodily functions. Things like learning, emotional processing, sleep, mood, appetite, memory, fertility, pain control, and immune responses are examples of the many areas of our lives that the ECS impacts and helps regulate. The ECS is a deep network of naturally occurring chemical compounds (endocannabinoids), receptors, and enzymes found throughout the entire body, with the highest concentration found in the human brain.

                  Production of endocannabinoids within the body is influenced by immediate feedback, ramping up or slowing down production as needed to manage things like hunger, body temperature, mood, fatigue, etc. These endocannabinoids have similar molecular structures to the cannabinoids naturally found within the cannabis plant. Cannabinoids and endocannabinoids bind to the receptors throughout your body, and the enzymes break down and expel them once they’ve served their purpose.

                  Learn more about the endocannabinoid system in this Harvard Health article: The endocannabinoid system: Essential and mysterious.

                  How are cannabinoids processed?

                  Cannabinoids interact with your endocannabinoid system by binding with endocannabinoid receptors, just like the endocannabinoids produced naturally by your body. They are then broken down by the enzymes and processed by the body once their jobs are done. There are two types of endocannabinoid receptors found within your body. CB1 receptors are found mainly within the central nervous system (brain cells, etc.), and CB2 receptors are found mainly in your peripheral nervous system (immune cells, etc.)

                  Endocannabinoid System

                  Image source: https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/the-endocannabinoid-system-essential-and-mysterious-202108112569

                  Though our understanding of how cannabinoids like THC and CBD are processed by the ECS is still incomplete, recent studies spurned by the legalization and decriminalization of cannabis in jurisdictions throughout the world have helped us gain a better understanding in recent years of this remarkable system. The more we learn, the further we are able to develop cannabis products that can do a lot more than cause inebriating and euphoric effects.

                  Alternatives to smoking cannabis

                  As research continues to prove the positive health effects cannabinoids can produce within the body thanks to the ECS, more and more doors are opening to use cannabis for much more than recreational use. The more we learn, the better we can understand the benefits of specific cannabinoids (like THC, CBD, CBG, etc.) and develop processes and technologies to isolate these compounds into products that can be ingested, vaped, or used topically. (Learn more about some exciting progress in the future of ECS research here.)

                  Cannabis distillate products have opened a new market for people that want to experience the benefits of this remarkable plant, without wanting to start smoking or get “high”. As we dive further into the ECS, we learn more and more about how our body processes these compounds and can produce better products to treat a range of human health issues.

                  If you’re a hemp or cannabis cultivator, processor, or product formulator in need of high-quality cannabis distillate, we walk to talk! Our turnkey mobile labs arrive at your facility within 4-6 months and require a $0 lab CAPEX. Please contact us to learn about becoming an extractX partner.

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                    An Introduction to Trichomes for Cannabis Extraction

                    An Introduction to Trichomes for Cannabis Extraction

                    What are Trichomes?

                    Trichomes are tiny fibres that grow on the appendages of plants. For people familiar with cannabis buds, they are the tiny hairs that give the plant its shiny, sticky look and feel. In cannabis, they exist in the highest concentrations in the “bud”, and in lower concentrations in the stems and leaves. There are 3 main types of trichomes found in cannabis plants:

                    1. Bulbous trichomes are found on the surface of the entire plant, but are only visible through a microscope
                    2. Capitate-sessile trichomes are slightly larger, though still only visible through a microscope, and have a mushroom-like shape
                    3. Capitate-stalked trichomes are the most common, are visible to the naked eye, have a mushroom-like shape, and play the primary role in the biosynthesis of cannabinoids and terpenes (learn more about trichomes here)

                    Did you Know?

                    The frostier the flower, the more potent the cannabis – a study by the University of British Colombia found that flowers with more mushroom shaped hairs contain the most cannabinoids and fragrance.

                    To read more, click here.

                    How Do Trichomes Affect Your Experience?

                    Trichomes in the cannabis plant contain the highest concentrations of terpenes and cannabinoids. Because of this, they play a major role in defining the psychoactive effects and health benefits that a strain provides. Recent studies have tried to prove that the specific terpene concentrations found in a strain are what can cause strains of similar cannabinoid levels to produce different effects when processed by the body’s endocannabinoid system (a phenomenon referred to as the “entourage effect”).

                    Since trichomes are the main source of terpenes and cannabinoids within the cannabis plant, cultivators, extractors, product formulators, and even average consumers should understand what healthy, ripe trichomes look like. Trichomes that are a milky white colour contain the highest potencies of terpenes and cannabinoids, whereas amber coloured trichomes have aged past their peak potency.

                    Trichomes

                    This image shows the capitate-stalked trichomes found on the surface of a cannabis plant.

                    How Do Trichomes Impact Cannabis Extraction?

                    Plants with more trichomes will have higher concentrations of cannabinoids like THC and CBD. The extraction process pulls these desirable compounds from the plant’s trichome glands. By dissolving the trichomes and harvesting the subsequent cannabinoids through a solvent extraction process (like ethanol or supercritical CO2 processes), extractors can produce high-quality cannabis distillates in large quantities.

                    Trichomes are essentially cannabinoid factories, and are incredibly sensitive to factors such as heat, light, time, and physical contact. For this reason, cannabis extractors must be in communication with their cultivators and processors to ensure these parts of the plant remain undamaged and intact until it’s time for the extraction process to begin.

                    extractX Mobile Labs

                    If you’re hoping to produce high-quality cannabis distillate, an extractX mobile lab could be right for you! Our labs are built off-site to the highest compliance standards, installed at your facility within 4 months of contract for $0 lab CAPEX. Reach out to extractX today to learn more about our extraction-as-a-service partnership model.

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